SHUTDOWN

Syntax

shutdown::=

Purpose

To shut down the target database without exiting RMAN. This command is equivalent to using the SQL*Plus SHUTDOWN statement.

See Also:

Oracle Database Administrator's Guide for information on how to start up and shut down a database, and SQL*Plus User's Guide and Reference for SHUTDOWN syntax

Restrictions and Usage Notes

You cannot use the RMAN SHUTDOWN command to shut down the recovery catalog database. To shut down this database, start a SQL*Plus session and issue a SHUTDOWN statement.
The NORMAL, TRANSACTIONAL, and IMMEDIATE options all perform a clean close of the database. The ABORT option does not cleanly close the database; the database will perform instance recovery at startup.
If the database operates in NOARCHIVELOG mode, then you must shut down the database cleanly and then issue a STARTUP MOUNT before a making a backup.

Keywords and Parameters

Syntax Element	Description
`ABORT`	Shuts down the target instance, with the following consequences: All current client SQL statements are immediately terminated. Uncommitted transactions are not rolled back until next startup. All connected users are disconnected. Crash recovery will be performed on the database at next startup.
`IMMEDIATE`	Shuts down the target database immediately, with the following consequences: Current client SQL statements being processed by the database are allowed to complete. Uncommitted transactions are rolled back. All connected users are disconnected.
`NORMAL`	Shuts down the database with normal priority (default option), which means: No new connections are allowed after the statement is issued. Before shutting down, the database waits for currently connected users to disconnect The next startup of the database will not require instance recovery.
`TRANSACTIONAL`	Shuts down the target database while minimizing interruption to clients, with the following consequences: Clients currently conducting transactions are allowed to complete, that is, either commit or terminate before shutdown. No client can start a new transaction on this instance; any client attempting to start a new transaction is disconnected. After all transactions have either committed or terminated, any client still connected is disconnected.

Examples

Shutting Down a Database by Using the Immediate Option: Example

This example waits for current SQL transactions to be processed before shutting down, then mounts the database:

SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP MOUNT;

Shutting Down a Database in NOARCHIVELOG Mode: Example

This example backs up a database running in NOARCHIVELOG mode:

STARTUP FORCE DBA;
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP MOUNT;
# executing the preceding commands ensures that database is in proper state 
# for NOARCHIVELOG backups
BACKUP COPIES 2 DATABASE;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;