awk Programs
There are several ways to run an awk program. If the program is
short, it is easiest to include it in the command that runs awk,
like this:
awk 'program' input-file1 input-file2 ...
where program consists of a series of patterns and actions, as
described earlier.
(The reason for the single quotes is described below, in
section One-shot Throw-away awk Programs.)
When the program is long, it is usually more convenient to put it in a file and run it with a command like this:
awk -f program-file input-file1 input-file2 ...
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