Input and Output Functions

Functions that perform input from a stdio stream, and functions that output to a stdio stream. Passing a NULL pointer for a stream argument to any of these functions will make them read from stdin and write to stdout, respectively.

When using any of these functions, it is a good idea to include `stdio.h' before `gmp.h', since that will allow `gmp.h' to define prototypes for these functions.

Function: size_t mpz_out_str (FILE *stream, int base, mpz_t op)

Output op on stdio stream stream, as a string of digits in base base. The base may vary from 2 to 36.

Return the number of bytes written, or if an error occurred, return 0.

Function: size_t mpz_inp_str (mpz_t rop, FILE *stream, int base)

Input a possibly white-space preceded string in base base from stdio stream stream, and put the read integer in rop. The base may vary from 2 to 36. If base is 0, the actual base is determined from the leading characters: if the first two characters are `0x' or `0X', hexadecimal is assumed, otherwise if the first character is `0', octal is assumed, otherwise decimal is assumed.

Return the number of bytes read, or if an error occurred, return 0.

Function: size_t mpz_out_raw (FILE *stream, mpz_t op)

Output op on stdio stream stream, in raw binary format. The integer is written in a portable format, with 4 bytes of size information, and that many bytes of limbs. Both the size and the limbs are written in decreasing significance order (i.e., in big-endian).

The output can be read with mpz_inp_raw.

Return the number of bytes written, or if an error occurred, return 0.

The output of this can not be read by mpz_inp_raw from GMP 1, because of changes necessary for compatibility between 32-bit and 64-bit machines.

Function: size_t mpz_inp_raw (mpz_t rop, FILE *stream)

Input from stdio stream stream in the format written by mpz_out_raw, and put the result in rop. Return the number of bytes read, or if an error occurred, return 0.

This routine can read the output from mpz_out_raw also from GMP 1, in spite of changes necessary for compatibility between 32-bit and 64-bit machines.

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